I. INTRODUCTION The American electrical grid is in bad shape. Because of chronic underinvestment in research and development, (1) a digital nation now relies on an infrastructure created before the invention of microprocessors (2) that is beginning to show its age. Power quality problems and system disturbances cost the United States nearly $150 billion each year, (3) regional blackouts aggravate and endanger millions of residents, (4) and structural insecurities tempt hackers and terrorists around the globe. (5)
